Indiana

Alimony Guide - Spousal Support Laws

What is Alimony?

Alimony, also known as spousal support, is a court-ordered provision of financial support a spouse for after a divorce. Alimony laws vary considerably from state to state, and courts often have significant flexibility on a case-by-case basis in determing whether to award alimony, how much alimony to award, and how long alimony payments will continue.

How is Alimony Declared?

In the state of Indiana, during or after a dissolution of marriage, a court may find one spouse to be financially responsible for the other, and as such, may declare a maintenance order requiring the financially responsible spouse to make alimony payments. Payments may be required for regular intervals or in a lump sum payment, dependent on the decision of the court.

If the dependent spouse is unable to support themselves independently, whether it be due to a lack of funds or a disability, they may qualify to receive maintenance payments. Continuing the standard of living established during the marriage is the goal of maintenance support, so whether either or both spouses can maintain that standard of living is a main consideration during the case. The court will also consider both spouses’ properties, estates, incomes, potential earning, as well as any other financials the court deems relevant to the case. Other financial considerations include the training or education relevant to both spouses’ field of employment, as well as the current job market for said field. The education level of each spouse, including any interruptions to education either spouse suffered at the expense of the well being of the other, the marriage, or any children. The time an expense needed for the dependent spouse to obtain training or education appropriate to retain their standard of living will be taken into serious consideration.

If either spouse is the custodian of a child of the age or mental capacity that requires them to forgo employment to care for the child, the court may find maintenance necessary for the spouse and for a period of time they consider appropriate given the specific circumstances.

In the end, if an agreement cannot be made between the two parties, alimony is awarded at the final judgment of the judge and court deciding the case.

In the state of Indiana, a number of factors are taken into account when calculating the amount and duration of alimony or spousal support payments.

Is there a set list of statutory factors for calculating alimony?

Indiana has a defined list of factors, described in statutory law, that are legally required to be considered by a judge when determining alimony payments. These factors may be directly connected to the alimony calculation formula.

Is marital fault considered in Indiana alimony?

Indiana does not consider marital fault when determining alimony payments. This means that divorces considered "at-fault" due to cheating or infidelity, abuse, or other factors do not affect the calculation of alimony payments.

Is standard of living considered in Indiana alimony?

Standard of living is not considered when calculating alimony payments in the state of Indiana. This means that the standard of living enjoyed by the alimony receiving spouse during the marriage is not directly considered when calculating alimony payments.

Is custodial status considered when determining alimony in the state of Indiana?

The judge in the state of Indiana considers custodial status when determining alimony payments. This means that alimony calculations are affected by whether or not the receiving spouse has custody of the children, and custodial spouses may receive higher alimony payments.

How exactly is alimony calculated in the state of Indiana?

Calculation of alimony is generally done on a case-by-case basis by the Indiana family court judge who is responsible for the case. While some states have a fixed alimony calculation formula, in most cases the final amount and duration of alimony awarded (if alimony is awarded) is at the discretion of the judge.

How long must alimony be paid?

The duration of payments is determined by a judge in Indiana family court. Alimony length is usually based on length of marriage - one commonly used standard for alimony duration is that 1 year of alimony is paid every three years of marriage (however, this is not always the case in every state or with every judge). Alimony may also be discontinued upon the remarriage or cohabitation of the receiving spouse. In some cases, judges may even award permanent alimony.

What happens if alimony isn't paid?

If alimony is unpaid, the owed debt is known as alimony arrears. Arrears can be collected via mediation, small claims court, or wage garnishment. Failure to comply with a court-issued spousal support order may also result in a contempt of court charge against the spouse who failed to pay owed alimony.

Can alimony be waived by a prenuptual agreement?

A prenup agreement is a contract between spouses regarding marriage-related financial matters signed prior to marriage. Limitation or waiving rights to alimony is a frequent clause in modern prenuptual agreements, but some states or localities prohibit such alimony waivers.

Can alimony be collected if you're not married?

The legal concept of alimony, otherwise known as spousal support, is dependant upon a legal marriage. However, in some areas - especially those with a concept of common-law marriage - "palimony", or support payments between non-married individuals, has been awarded by courts. However, this generally requires extenuating circumstances.

What is alimony mediation?

When a marriage ends through divorce and alimony is expected to be paid, spouses have the choice to determine an alimony agreement either through litigation (in Indiana family court) or through mutual agreement. Often, a Indiana alimony mediator can be brought in to help the ex-spouses come to a mutual agreement regarding alimony and other contested issues such as property division, and thus avoid having to go to court.

How are alimony payments taxed?

On a federal level, all qualifying Indiana alimony payments are deductible by the payor, and counted as taxable income by the recipient. To qualify as alimony under IRS guidelines, the following must be true:

• The payments are in cash
• The parties live in seperate households
• The payments are strictly for alimony (as opposed to for child support, etc)

Taxation of alimony varies on a state and local level. You can learn more about Indiana income taxes here .