Vermont

Child Support Laws

Child support is an ongoing payment by a non-custodial parent to assist with the financial support of their children. Child support payments are often determined during the process of dissolution of a marriage through divorce, though the only requirements for requesting child support payments are establishment of paternity and maternity.

Child support is handled on a state level, and Vermont has a set of specific child support guidelines. On this page you can learn about how child support is calculated in Vermont, how custody split and extraordinary costs affect child support payments, and more.

Vermont uses the "income share" method for calculating child support payments, which is designed to ensure that both the custodial and non-custodial parents contribute to their child's upkeep.

Vermont's child support formula directly accounts for parents who share custody of a child, and support payment amounts are connected to the custody split. Other special situations accounted for under Vermont's child support law include childcare costs and extraordinary medical costs. These costs may be additions to the basic Vermont child support order.

Support guidelines:

The secretary of human services will set up a guideline for child support that reflects the percentage of combined available income that parents living in the same household in Vermont ordinarily spend on their children.

The rule is based on the concept that children should receive the same proportion of parental income after separation of their parents as they would receive if their parents were living together in one household.

The amounts of child support determined under the guideline are expressed in dollars and will be presumed as the total support obligation of parents.

Child support can be arranged out of court by a mutual support agreement between the parents, or can be decided in Vermont family court through a child support order. In Vermont, a number of factors are taken into account when determining the amount of child support to be paid in court. Here is an explanation of the two most common methods used to calculate basic child support amounts.

How does having shared custody of the child affect child support in Vermont?

All states have a method of modifying the amount of child support owed in cases where the custody agreement provides for joint or shared custody of a child between both parents.

Vermont law accounts for shared custody of a child directly in the child support formula used to calculate payment amounts. This means that, in cases where custody is shared, the amount of child support paid by the paying parent will be reduced according to the amount of time they have custody of the child.

How are extraordinary medical costs treated by child support in Vermont?

Vermont has specialized guidelines for the sharing of a child's extraordinary medical care costs that are separate from, and in addition to, basic child support payments. Extraordinary medical costs are generally costs generated by things such as illness, hospital visits, or costly procedures such as getting braces.

Vermont treats extraordinary medical care costs as a "mandatory deduction" for basic child support. This means that if the non-custodial parent pays child care costs, the portion of the total monthly child care costs attributed to the custodial partner are deducted from the noncustodial partner's monthly child support payment. If the custodial parent pays for child care, the non-custodial parent must pay their share in addition to basic child support.

How are child care costs treated by child support in Vermont?

Due to the high costs of child care for a single payment, Vermont has specialized guidelines that consider child care costs separately from the general costs of raising a child for the purposes of calculating child support payments.

Vermont treats child care costs as a "mandatory deduction" for basic child support. This means that if the non-custodial parent pays child care costs, the portion of the total monthly child care costs attributed to the custodial partner are deducted from the noncustodial partner's monthly child support payment. If the custodial parent pays for child care, the non-custodial parent must pay their share in addition to basic child support.

Does child support cover college education expenses in Vermont?

While the state of Vermont has no explicit requirement for college expenses to be covered under child support, support for college expense by the non-custodial parent may be voluntarily agreed to by both parties, after which it is contractually enforceable.

How is child support enforced in Vermont?

In the state of Vermont, child support is enforced by the state child support agency. The state agency handles the location of non-custodial parents, enforcement of support orders, and the handling of unpaid child support arrears.

What are child support arrears?

Child support arrears are the amount of child support that is delinquent, or unpaid, by the noncustodial parent to the custodial parent. Child support arrears may be collected by the state through wage garnishment, bank levy. withholding of Vermont welfare benefits, or other collection methods.

How are child support payments taxed in Vermont?

Under IRS guidelines, the recepient of child support does not need to pay federal tax on child support payments, and the payer of child support cannot deduct their child support payments. This differs from the federal taxation of alimony payments, which are treated as taxable income by the receiver and are deductible by the payor. Vermont tax law may vary on tax treatment of child support.